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person1950s-2007

Albert Ellis

Disciplines:
psychology
psychotherapy

Summary

American psychologist who developed Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) — the first cognitive therapy — arguing that emotional disturbance is caused by irrational beliefs, not by events.

Core Contribution

REBT: the ABC model — Activating event → Belief → Consequence. It is not the event but the belief about the event that causes emotional disturbance. Irrational beliefs: musts, shoulds, and demands — absolutistic thinking that generates unnecessary misery. Preceded and influenced Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Was legendarily direct and confrontational in therapy — calling patients 'stupid' for holding irrational beliefs, using profanity freely, and finishing sessions abruptly when he felt the point was made.
  • Cured himself of a severe fear of public speaking at 19 through self-exposure therapy — forcing himself to speak to 100 strangers in the Bronx Botanical Garden — making his therapy autobiographically grounded.

Notable Works & Achievements

How to Live with a Neurotic

Reason and Emotion in Psychotherapy

A Guide to Rational Living

Historical Influences

Epictetus Alfred Adler

Intellectual Lineage

Psychoanalysis Stoic Philosophy

Contemporaries & Peers

Aaron Beck Carl Rogers

Minds Influenced

Aaron Beck CBT

Intellectual Posterity

REBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

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