American banker, industrialist, art collector, and Treasury Secretary who expanded T. Mellon & Sons into one of America's greatest fortunes — financing the creation of Alcoa, Gulf Oil, and Koppers — and served as Treasury Secretary under three presidents while building the collection that became the National Gallery of Art.
Built the Mellon banking fortune by providing development capital to industrial enterprises at their earliest stages — Alcoa when it had no customers, Gulf Oil when the Texas oil fields were speculative — demonstrating venture-style risk-taking before venture capital existed as a category.
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