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person1781-1848

Bernard Bolzano

Disciplines:
logic
epistemology
mathematics
theology/philosophy of religion

Summary

Czech mathematician, logician, and philosopher who anticipated Frege and Husserl by positing abstract propositions and ideas in themselves (Sätze an sich), independent of any mind.

Core Contribution

Propositions in themselves: there are abstract, objective propositions (Sätze an sich) that are true or false independently of whether anyone thinks them. Mathematical rigor: provided the first rigorous definition of the limit and contributed to the arithmetization of analysis. Paradoxes of the Infinite: argued that infinite sets can be put in one-to-one correspondence with proper subsets.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Was dismissed from his professorship for his pacifist and egalitarian sermons — the Church found his political views more dangerous than his logic.
  • Was essentially ignored for half a century after his death — Frege and Husserl independently rediscovered and acknowledged the importance of his work on propositions.

Notable Works & Achievements

Theory of Science

Paradoxes of the Infinite

The Mathematical Theory of a Continuous Phenomenon

Historical Influences

Gottfried Leibniz Immanuel Kant

Intellectual Lineage

German Rationalism Catholic Philosophy Leibnizian Logic

Contemporaries & Peers

Immanuel Kant Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Minds Influenced

Gottlob Frege Edmund Husserl Georg Cantor

Intellectual Posterity

Frege's Propositional RealismHusserl's Logical InvestigationsFormal Logic

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Bernard Bolzano

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