DeepMind

British AI research company co-founded by Demis Hassabis, Shane Legg, and Mustafa Suleyman in 2010 — acquired by Google in 2014 — which built AlphaGo (defeated world Go champion), AlphaFold (solved protein folding), and AlphaZero (mastered chess/shogi/Go from scratch).

Proved that deep reinforcement learning could surpass human performance in domains previously considered uniquely human — Go, protein folding, drug discovery — demonstrating that the same algorithmic approach generalizes across wildly different problem types.