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person1940s-1995

Emmanuel Levinas

Disciplines:
philosophy
phenomenology
philosophy/jewish philosophy

Summary

Lithuanian-French philosopher who transformed phenomenology into an ethics of radical responsibility — arguing that the encounter with the face of the Other is the primary ethical event and the basis of all philosophy.

Core Contribution

Ethics as First Philosophy: ethics (responsibility to the Other) precedes ontology — Heidegger's being-question is derivative. The face of the Other: encountering another person's face imposes infinite ethical demand — 'Do not kill me.' Totality and Infinity: the Other cannot be reduced to a concept (totality) — transcendence is constitutive. Otherwise than Being: substitution — being responsible for the Other to the point of being hostage for them.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • His entire family was murdered by the Nazis while he was a prisoner of war — a fact that charged his lifelong project of grounding ethics in the irreducibility of the Other.
  • Jacques Derrida's most personal essay, 'Adieu,' was delivered at Levinas's funeral — Derrida considered Levinas the philosopher he owed the most to.

Notable Works & Achievements

Totality and Infinity

Otherwise than Being

Nine Talmudic Readings

Historical Influences

Edmund Husserl Martin Heidegger Martin Buber

Intellectual Lineage

Phenomenology Jewish Philosophy

Contemporaries & Peers

Jean-Paul Sartre Paul Ricoeur

Minds Influenced

Jacques Derrida Postmodern Ethics

Intellectual Posterity

Ethics of the OtherPostmodern Ethics Deconstructionism

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