Ernest Hemingway

American novelist and journalist whose prose style — short sentences, deliberate understatement, iceberg theory — transformed American fiction and whose life as an adventurer (Paris expatriate, WWI ambulance driver, WWII correspondent, big game hunter, deep sea fisherman) became as famous as his novels.

Created the iceberg theory of prose — the idea that the dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water — arguing that the writer must know deeply what they are leaving out, and that emotional resonance comes from what is unsaid rather than stated.