FDR

32nd President of the United States — whose New Deal transformed American government's relationship to the economy, and who led the U.S. through WWII while governing from a wheelchair.

The New Deal state: FDR's response to the Depression created the institutional infrastructure of modern American government — Social Security, FDIC, SEC, labor law, agricultural programs, rural electrification. The 'alphabet agencies' (CCC, WPA, PWA) employed millions. WWII mobilization: FDR's management of the American war effort — the 'arsenal of democracy,' Lend-Lease, the coalition management (Churchill, Stalin) — is the defining executive achievement of 20th-century American politics. His four terms and the 22nd Amendment they inspired fundamentally shaped American constitutional practice.