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person1970–2009

G. A. Cohen

Disciplines:
political philosophy
absurdism/marxism
political philosophy/analytical marxism

Summary

G. A. Cohen was a Canadian political philosopher who combined Marxist political economy with analytic rigor, critiquing both Nozick's libertarianism and Rawls's difference principle.

Core Contribution

Cohen reconstructed historical materialism using analytic tools, defended Marx's theory of history as technological determinism, and later argued that the difference principle is undermined by a just society's reliance on talented people choosing to earn more for incentive reasons — a motivation incompatible with genuine egalitarian ethos.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Self-ownership critique (Nozick's self-ownership premise does not entail rights over external resources — the libertarian edifice collapses)
  • Incentives argument (talented people who demand higher wages to perform socially useful work violate the spirit of egalitarian justice)
  • Camping trip socialism (in personal life we practice socialist norms of sharing and mutual aid; justice requires extending them to society)
  • Historical materialism defence (the development of productive forces is the primary motor of historical change — this can be stated as an analytic thesis)

Notable Works & Achievements

Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence

History, Labour, and Freedom

Self-Ownership, Freedom, and Equality

If You're an Egalitarian, How Come You're So Rich?

Rescuing Justice and Equality

Historical Influences

Karl Marx John Rawls Robert Nozick Immanuel Kant

Intellectual Lineage

Western Marxism Analytical philosophyRawlsian liberalism critique

Contemporaries & Peers

John Rawls Robert Nozick Ronald Dworkin Thomas Nagel

Minds Influenced

Philippe Van ParijsMichael Otsuka

Intellectual Posterity

Analytical Marxism movementIncentives argument against RawlsSelf-ownership critique

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