Carthaginian general who crossed the Alps with elephants and won the three greatest tactical victories in military history (Trebia, Lake Trasimene, Cannae) against Rome — whose double envelopment at Cannae remains the most studied tactical achievement in military history.
Invented the double envelopment as a systematic tactical doctrine at Cannae — using a concave center to absorb the Roman attack while the wings enveloped both flanks — which destroyed 70,000 Romans in a single afternoon and has been the template for decisive battle ever since.
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