British philosopher who founded utilitarianism — the greatest happiness of the greatest number — and designed the panopticon prison as the model of efficient social control.
Utilitarianism: pleasure and pain are the sovereign masters of mankind — morality requires maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain. The felicific calculus: a method of measuring pleasure and pain. The Panopticon: a prison design in which a central guard tower can observe all prisoners without being seen — used by Foucault as the model of modern disciplinary society. Law reform: contributed to the codification of English law.
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