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person1960s-2009

John Pollock

Disciplines:
epistemology
philosophy of mind
artificial intelligence

Summary

American philosopher who developed a comprehensive account of defeasible reasoning and built OSCAR — an AI system that reasons in accordance with philosophical epistemology.

Core Contribution

Defeasible reasoning: not all valid inference is deductive — many inferences are defeasible (can be defeated by additional information). Contemporary Theories of Knowledge: systematic treatment of defeasibility. OSCAR: an AI system implementing defeasible reasoning that demonstrates the computational tractability of philosophical epistemology.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Building OSCAR was a philosophical proof of concept: if you can implement an epistemological theory computationally and the system behaves rationally, you have provided evidence that the theory is correct.

Notable Works & Achievements

Knowledge and Justification

Contemporary Theories of Knowledge

How to Build a Person

Historical Influences

Roderick Chisholm

Intellectual Lineage

Analytic Epistemology

Contemporaries & Peers

Roderick Chisholm Alvin Goldman

Minds Influenced

Epistemology AI Research

Intellectual Posterity

Defeasible ReasoningEpistemology of Perception

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