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person1890s-1924

Joseph Conrad

Disciplines:
literature

Summary

Polish-born British novelist who wrote in English (his third language) and produced several of the greatest novels of modernity — most notably Heart of Darkness, a meditation on imperialism, evil, and the darkness at civilization's core.

Core Contribution

Heart of Darkness: Marlow's journey up the Congo River as an investigation of imperialism and the darkness underlying European civilization. Kurtz's 'The horror! The horror!' as one of literature's most resonant images of nihilism and moral disintegration. Nostromo: the most comprehensive novel about capitalism, revolution, and the corruption of idealism. The Secret Agent: terrorism, anarchism, and police provocateurs. Lord Jim: honor, cowardice, and self-redemption. A literary modernist before modernism was named.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • English was his third language after Polish and French — he learned it as an adult sailor. His prose in English is among the most precisely crafted in the language, which suggests either extraordinary natural gift or a learner's hyper-consciousness of the language.
  • Chinua Achebe's 1975 lecture calling Heart of Darkness 'a racist novel' is one of the most consequential acts of literary criticism in postcolonial literature — Conrad's defenders and Achebe's defenders have been arguing about it ever since.

Notable Works & Achievements

Lord Jim

Heart of Darkness

Nostromo

The Secret Agent

Under Western Eyes

Historical Influences

Gustave Flaubert Henry James

Intellectual Lineage

Victorian NovelLiterary Modernism

Contemporaries & Peers

Henry James Ford Madox Ford

Minds Influenced

T.S. Eliot Graham Greene V.S. Naipaul

Intellectual Posterity

Literary Modernism Postcolonial Literature

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