PANTHEON
ExploreBuild My Library
© 2026 Pantheon — an atlas of the ideas that shaped how we think.
person1918-2007

Leonard Meyer

Disciplines:
aesthetics
music/musicology
philosophy of music

Summary

American musicologist and aesthetician who developed an account of musical meaning based on the psychology of expectation — music means by creating, delaying, and resolving expectations.

Core Contribution

Emotion and Meaning in Music: musical meaning arises when expected resolutions are delayed or denied — the tension between expectation and realization is the source of musical affect. Later developed a theory of style in Explaining Music.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Meyer's expectation theory anticipated empirical music psychology by decades — David Huron's Sweet Anticipation (2006) is essentially an empirical verification and elaboration of Meyer's insights.

Notable Works & Achievements

Emotion and Meaning in Music

Explaining Music

Style and Music

Historical Influences

Gestalt Psychology John Dewey

Intellectual Lineage

American MusicologyGestalt Psychology

Contemporaries & Peers

Deryck Cooke Nelson Goodman

Minds Influenced

David Huron Eugene Narmour

Intellectual Posterity

Music Cognition Expectation Theory in Music

Discussing

Leonard Meyer

Ask anything about Leonard Meyer — their ideas, influences, contradictions, legacy.

Sign in to start a conversation.