Ludwig Wittgenstein

Austrian-British philosopher — author of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and Philosophical Investigations — who created two completely different philosophies (early: logic as the limit of language; late: language as family resemblance in forms of life) — the most influential philosopher of the 20th century in the analytic tradition.

Creates the language game framework for philosophy — Wittgenstein's later philosophy (Philosophical Investigations) argues that philosophical problems arise from language operating outside its natural home, that words get their meaning from use in forms of life rather than from correspondence to reality, and that philosophical therapy consists in returning words to their everyday use.