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person1893–1976

Mao Zedong

Disciplines:
china
politics
communitarianism/communism
revolution

Summary

Founding chairman of the People's Republic of China — who led the Communist Party to victory in the civil war (1949), launched the Great Leap Forward (1958–62, 45 million deaths) and the Cultural Revolution (1966–76) — the most lethal political figure in history by direct policy consequences.

Core Contribution

Applies guerrilla warfare doctrine to a continental peasant revolution — Mao's military theory (the people as water, the guerrilla as fish; protracted war; base areas strategy) was the most effective non-Western military doctrine of the 20th century, enabling victory over a numerically and technologically superior opponent.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Deliberately kept his senior officials in a state of terror and uncertainty — alternating purges with rehabilitation, so no one was ever secure in his position; this manufactured anxiety was a deliberate control mechanism
  • Had a personal library of 100,000 books and read voraciously throughout his life — his policies killed intellectuals while he was himself an intellectual; the contradiction was conscious and untroubling to him
  • Launched the Cultural Revolution partly to reassert control over party bureaucrats he felt had outgrown his personal authority — ideological catastrophe deployed as a factional political weapon

Notable Works & Achievements

On Guerrilla Warfare

On Contradiction

Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung

Selected Works

Historical Influences

Karl Marx Lenin Sun Tzu

Intellectual Lineage

Shaoshan, HunanFirst Normal School, ChangshaChinese Communist Party Yan'an

Contemporaries & Peers

Chiang Kai-shekJoseph Stalin Zhou Enlai

Minds Influenced

China Global communism

Intellectual Posterity

Mao Zedong Thought Little Red BookGreat Leap ForwardCultural Revolution People's Liberation Army

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