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person1920s-1978

Margaret Mead

Disciplines:
anthropology

Summary

American cultural anthropologist who became the most famous public intellectual in America — popularizing cultural relativism and the idea that personality and gender roles are culturally determined.

Core Contribution

Coming of Age in Samoa: Samoan adolescence is less troubled than American — argued that the stormy adolescence is not biologically universal but culturally determined. Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies: gender roles are not biologically fixed. Made anthropology a household term through popular writing and television.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Derek Freeman's Margaret Mead and Samoa (1983) accused her of being hoaxed by her Samoan informants — a posthumous controversy that questioned the foundational data of American cultural anthropology.
  • Had three marriages — including to Gregory Bateson, with whom she had a daughter — and was an acknowledged early advocate of bisexuality and polyamory.

Notable Works & Achievements

Coming of Age in Samoa

Growing Up in New Guinea

Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies

Historical Influences

Franz Boas Ruth Benedict

Intellectual Lineage

American Cultural Anthropology

Contemporaries & Peers

Ruth Benedict Gregory Bateson

Minds Influenced

Cultural Relativism Cultural Anthropology

Intellectual Posterity

Cultural Relativism Anthropology

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