On Anger

Seneca's three-book treatise De Ira (On Anger) — the most systematic ancient treatment of anger — arguing that anger is never useful, that it degrades the person who feels it, and providing practical techniques for avoiding and extinguishing it.

Provides the Stoic case that anger is always self-defeating — the person who acts in anger is not more effective but less, not more just but less, and the spectacle of Roman power used in anger (Caligula, Nero) demonstrates that anger corrupts the wielder — making Stoic equanimity not just personally beneficial but politically necessary.