Cicero's De Officiis — a letter to his son and the most widely read Latin philosophical work in history — developing practical Stoic ethics around the four cardinal virtues and the concept of appropriate action (officium).
Officium (duty/appropriate action): the standard of appropriate action for the non-sage in daily life. Four sources of duty: the universal (rational nature), the individual character, social circumstance, and the particular occasion. The conflict of honestum (honourable) and utile (advantageous) is apparent, not real.
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