American philosopher who posed Benacerraf's dilemma — if mathematical objects are abstract entities, how can we have knowledge of them? — and argued that numbers cannot be sets because there is no principled choice among competing set-theoretic reductions.
What Numbers Could Not Be (1965): numbers are not sets because any omega-sequence serves as well; there are no facts about which sets numbers are. Mathematical Truth (1973): a platonist semantics (mathematical sentences are literally true of abstract objects) and a causal-epistemic theory of knowledge are incompatible — Benacerraf's dilemma.
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