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person1950s-1994

Paul Feyerabend

Disciplines:
philosophy of science

Summary

Austrian philosopher of science who argued that there is no single scientific method — successful science has violated every proposed methodological rule — and that methodological anarchism ('anything goes') is the only defensible position.

Core Contribution

Against Method: scientific progress has required violating all methodological rules — ad hoc hypotheses, counter-inductive reasoning, propaganda. The only rule is 'anything goes.' Science and ideology: science is just one tradition among many, not privileged over religion or traditional knowledge. The most radical critique of the privileged epistemic status of science.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • 'Anything goes' is not a positive methodological prescription but a summary of the historical record — there is no rule that science has always followed, so there is no single scientific method.
  • Feyerabend argued from the case of Galileo: Galileo succeeded by violating the methodological rules of his time, using rhetoric and propaganda to promote heliocentrism before the evidence was conclusive. This is the paradigm case of good science on Popper's account — showing Popper's account is wrong.

Notable Works & Achievements

Against Method

Science in a Free Society

Farewell to Reason

Historical Influences

Karl Popper Imre Lakatos

Intellectual Lineage

Analytic Philosophy of Science

Contemporaries & Peers

Imre Lakatos Thomas Kuhn

Minds Influenced

Science and Technology Studies Social Constructivism

Intellectual Posterity

Methodological AnarchismScience Studies

Discussing

Paul Feyerabend

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