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person1971-present

Peter Singer

Disciplines:
ethics
ethics/applied ethics
philosophy of science/philosophy of animals

Summary

Australian philosopher who applied utilitarian reasoning to animal welfare, world poverty, and bioethics — becoming the most practically influential living philosopher and a founder of the effective altruism movement.

Core Contribution

Animal Liberation: all sentient beings' suffering counts equally in utilitarian calculations; 'speciesism' is as arbitrary as racism. Famine, Affluence, and Morality: if we can prevent great suffering without sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, we are obligated to do so — a radical duty of beneficence. The Life You Can Save: makes the argument accessible. Effective altruism: donate to the most cost-effective charities.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Donates a significant fraction of his income to effective charities — practicing what he preaches in a way that is unusual for philosophers who argue for radical beneficence.
  • His views on infanticide and disability have made him one of the most controversial public intellectuals — he argues that severely disabled newborns may permissibly be killed, a view widely condemned.
  • Was among the first analytic philosophers to argue that animals have moral status equal to humans — a view considered absurd by most philosophers in 1975 and now mainstream.

Notable Works & Achievements

Animal Liberation

Practical Ethics

The Expanding Circle

How Are We to Live?

The Life You Can Save

Historical Influences

Jeremy Bentham R. M. Hare

Intellectual Lineage

Utilitarian Ethics Australian Analytic Philosophy

Contemporaries & Peers

Derek Parfit Jeff McMahan

Minds Influenced

Effective Altruism Movement Contemporary Bioethics

Intellectual Posterity

Animal Rights MovementEffective Altruism Applied Ethics

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