Galilean fisherman and the chief apostle of Jesus — renamed Peter ('rock') by Jesus — first Bishop of Rome (according to Catholic tradition) — martyred under Nero — whose leadership in the early church shaped the institutional structure of Christianity.
Bridges the Jesus movement and the institutional church — Peter's role in the Jerusalem community after the crucifixion (Acts of the Apostles), his eventual move to Rome, and his martyrdom there created the foundation for the papacy's claim to primacy.
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