The Population Bomb

Paul Ehrlich's 1968 bestseller — predicting mass starvation from overpopulation in the 1970s–80s — which proved incorrect but triggered the modern environmental movement and is the most cited example of catastrophist prediction failure.

Creates the modern population catastrophism argument — The Population Bomb synthesized Malthusian logic with 1960s ecology data to produce the most widely read environmental warning of the 20th century; its failure (due to agricultural technology and demographic transition) is the most important case study in how technological progress confounds linear catastrophic projections.