Scott McCloud's 1993 analysis of the visual language of comics — written in comic book form — covering closure, time, blood in the gutter, and the abstraction ladder, providing the most rigorous theoretical account of how comics create meaning.
Creates the theoretical language for understanding comics — McCloud's concept of 'closure' (the reader actively fills in what happens between panels) shows that comics require more active reader participation than any other medium; his abstraction ladder (photo to icon) applies beyond comics to any visual design.
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