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person1793–1836

William Godwin

Disciplines:
political philosophy
utilitarianism
atheism/anarchism

Summary

William Godwin was a British political philosopher and novelist who articulated the first systematic defense of anarchism based on utilitarian rationalism.

Core Contribution

In An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice, Godwin argued that government and institutions are the root cause of human vice and misery; rational individuals guided purely by impartial benevolence will gradually make government obsolete.

Key Spikes & Highlights

  • Impartial benevolence (if you can only save one person in a fire, save the more socially useful one, even if the other is your mother)
  • Gradual anarchism (political authority is inherently corrupt; rational persuasion will eventually dissolve it)
  • Perfectibility thesis (humanity is indefinitely improvable through reason and education)
  • Anti-marriage stance (marriage is an evil monopoly of affections; free association is more virtuous)

Notable Works & Achievements

An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice

Caleb Williams

The Enquirer

Thoughts on Man

Historical Influences

John Locke Jean-Jacques Rousseau Helvétius

Intellectual Lineage

Enlightenment rationalism Dissenting ProtestantismRadical Whig tradition

Contemporaries & Peers

Jeremy Bentham Thomas Paine Mary Wollstonecraft

Minds Influenced

Percy Bysshe Shelley Robert Owen Peter Kropotkin

Intellectual Posterity

Philosophical anarchism Perfectibility thesis

Discussing

William Godwin

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