2 thinkers, books, and ideas connected to this field.
Roman emperor (81–96 CE) who exiled philosophers from Rome — including Epictetus — and whose reign represents the tyranny against which Stoic philosophy's inner freedom was practically tested.
Roman emperor (54–68 CE) who began well under Seneca and Burrus's guidance and ended as a tyrant who murdered his mother and wife, persecuted Christians, and ordered Seneca to commit suicide — making him the historical test case for whether philosophy can restrain political power.