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person1499–1507

Cesare Borgia

Disciplines:
military
machiavelli
politics/italian politics

Summary

Italian nobleman — son of Pope Alexander VI — who carved out a principality in central Italy through a combination of military force, cunning, and ruthless elimination of opponents, and whom Machiavelli held up as the model of the new prince in The Prince.

Core Contribution

Serves as Machiavelli's model of virtù — the ability to create and maintain political order through force and cunning — and the execution of Ramiro d'Orco (appointed to impose order, then executed publicly when the population hated him) is Machiavelli's example of how to use cruelty intelligently.

Historical Influences

Alexander VI

Intellectual Lineage

Rome Spanish familyFrance

Contemporaries & Peers

Machiavelli Leonardo da Vinci Pope Julius II

Minds Influenced

Machiavelli Italian political traditionJonathan Bi

Intellectual Posterity

The Prince Cesare Borgia as virtù

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