4 thinkers, books, and ideas connected to this field.
Italian nobleman — son of Pope Alexander VI — who carved out a principality in central Italy through a combination of military force, cunning, and ruthless elimination of opponents, and whom Machiavelli held up as the model of the new prince in The Prince.
Italian general and politician who was the military hero of Italian unification — conquering Sicily and Naples with his Thousand in 1860 — and whose romantic heroism made him the most celebrated figure of 19th century European nationalism.
Italian nationalist philosopher and revolutionary who founded Young Italy and provided the intellectual framework for Italian unification — arguing for a democratic Italian republic based on the duty of citizens to their nation and to God.
Governor appointed by Cesare Borgia to impose order on the Romagna through harsh methods — who was then cut in half and left in the public square of Cesena with a bloody knife beside him when Borgia wanted to demonstrate that the cruelty was the governor's, not the prince's.