3 thinkers, books, and ideas connected to this field.
Ancient Iranian prophet who founded Zoroastrianism — the first monotheistic or dualistic religion — teaching that the world is a battlefield between a supreme good deity (Ahura Mazda) and an evil principle (Angra Mainyu), that humans have free will to choose between them, and that history will culminate in the triumph of good.
Ancient Iranian religion founded by the prophet Zoroaster (Zarathustra) — featuring a cosmic dualism between Ahura Mazda (Wise Lord of light and truth) and Angra Mainyu (Destructive Spirit of darkness and evil) — one of the oldest continuously practiced religions and a major influence on the Abrahamic traditions.
Dualistic religion founded by the prophet Mani in 3rd century CE Persia — synthesizing Zoroastrian cosmic dualism, Christian redemption, and Buddhist liberation — depicting the cosmos as a battleground between light (spirit) and darkness (matter) — once the world's most geographically widespread religion, extending from Rome to China.