4 thinkers, books, and ideas connected to this field.
American artist known for his 'fictional archaeology' — sculptures depicting contemporary objects as if they were ancient artifacts — and for high-profile collaborations with brands and cultural figures.
David Hockney is a British painter known for his California paintings and his 'Secret Knowledge' thesis about optics in Old Master painting.
M. C. Escher was a Dutch graphic artist who created visually impossible architectural structures — endlessly ascending staircases, perpetual waterfalls, tessellating transformations — that became foundational images of paradox and self-reference.
Tacita Dean is a British artist known for film and photographic works exploring duration and memory, and a friend of Nolan's.